Sonnet 116 Review

marriage†¦ impediments (1-2): T. G. Tucker explains that the first two lines are a â€Å"manifest allusion to the words of the Marriage Service: ‘If any of you know cause or just impediment why these two persons should not be joined together in holy matrimony'; cf. Much Ado 4. 1. 12. ‘If either of you know any inward impediment why you should not be conjoined. ‘ Where minds are true – in possessing love in the real sense dwelt upon in the following lines – there can be no ‘impediments' through change of circumstances, outward appearance, or temporary lapses in conduct. † (Tucker, 192). ends with the remover to remove (4): i. e. , deviates (â€Å"bends†) to alter its course (â€Å"remove†) with the departure of the lover. ever-fixed mark (5): i. e. , a lighthouse (mark = sea-mark). Compare Othello (5. 2. 305-7): Be not afraid, though you do see me weapon'd; Here is my journey's end, here is my butt, And very sea-mark of m y utmost sail. the star to every wandering bark (7): i. e. , the star that guides every lost ship (guiding star = Polaris). Shakespeare again mentions Polaris (also known as â€Å"the north star†) in Much Ado About Nothing (2. 1. 222) and Julius Caesar (3. 1. 65).Whose worth's unknown, although his height be taken (8): The subject here is still the north star. The star's true value can never truly be calculated, although its height can be measured. Love's not Time's fool (9): i. e. , love is not at the mercy of Time. Within his bending sickle's compass come (10): i. e. , physical beauty falls within the range (â€Å"compass†) of Time's curved blade. Note the comparison of Time to the Grim Reaper, the scythe-wielding personification of death. edge of doom (12): i. e. , Doomsday. Compare 1 Henry IV (4. 1. 141): Come, let us take a muster speedily: Doomsday is near; die all, die merrily.

Love and Dedication in The Old Man and the Sea

There are two unique relationships that are touched upon in the novella The Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway.   The first relationship is the friendship and love that occurs between the old man, Santiago and his young companion, Manolin.   They have bonded over the years in a unique father-son relationship.   The other significant relationship that the story emphasizes is the one between Santiago and the fish.   It is apparent the strong love that Santiago feels for his adversary. Through these two relationships, Santiago displays his love and dedication. The endurance of love is displayed through the relationship of Santiago and his friend, Manolin.   Their relationship has seen both ups and downs, but through it all, Manolin has stood by the old fisherman.   In the beginning of the novella, we learn that Manolin’s family has forced him to work on a different fishing boat to gain more profit.   Despite this, he still visits his old employer and helps him take care of himself and his boat.   By bringing him food and water, he is displaying his genuine feelings for Santiago.   The reader sees in the final scenes, how deep this love and affection runs.   Manolin weeps for his friend as if he has suffered the loss of the marlin as well. These feelings that Manolin has built up has been the result of the companionship that they have shared through the years.   Santiago was the one who taught Manolin how to fish and has been his friend for many years.   Santiago has become a father figure for Manolin since he did not have that type of relationship with his own father.   Santiago has been able to give the boy friendship along with feelings of self-worth.   The boy feels that Santiago is the greatest fisherman: â€Å"There are many good fishermen and some great ones. But there is only one you† (Hemingway 23).   This strong bond enables Manolin to empathize when Santiago loses his great prize. Santiago has a great love for his only friend.   Without Manolin, he would be alone and he is grateful to have the boy in his life. He no longer dreamed of storms, nor of women, nor of great occurrences, nor of great fish, nor fights, nor contests of strength, nor of his wife. He only dreamed of places now and of the lions on the beach. They played like young cats in the dusk and he loved them as he loved the boy. (Hemingway 25) The reader is revealed Santiago’s strong affection for his companion when he is alone on the boat.   When the struggle between Santiago and the marlin ensues, he wishes that Manolin was there with him.   As he's towed by the fish, the old man says: â€Å"I wish I had the boy† (Hemingway 45).  Ã‚   Santiago is very appreciative of Manolin and enjoys sharing stories with him. They talk of baseball and he relays tales of the time that he spent in Africa.   The way that the boy looks up to the old man makes him feel significant.   He feels as though he has something to teach the boy and the boy respects the skills of the man. The boy is the one bright spot in Santiago’s return from his battle with the fish.   He is content with the fact that he has defeated such a creature and is able to return to see his friend again before he joins his great fish for eternity. Santiago has a strong dedication to fishing.   In the beginning of the tale, we learn that the man has gone eighty-four days without catching a single fish.   However, he does not give up hope that his luck will change and that he will begin catching fish again.   He has dedicated his life to fishing and will not stop because he has had a run of bad luck.   Hemingway remarks â€Å"Everything about him was old except his eyes and they were the same color as the sea and were cheerful and undefeated† (Hemingway 10).   He does not wish to rely on luck, but would rather have faith in his skill as a fisherman. He has dedicated his life to fishing and has it down to an exact science.   He focuses all his energies on fishing: â€Å"Now is the time to think of only one thing. That which I was born for† (Hemingway 40).   This is why he makes such a formidable opponent for the marlin.   He knows the signs of a large fish and looks for them when he sets out on the water.   Furthermore, once he defeats the fish, he has the skill and ability to lash the great fish to the side of his skiff and set out for home. Despite the battle between the marlin and the old man, it is obvious that the man feels a great amount of love and respect for the creature.   He is impressed by its greatness and realizes that regardless of his determination, it is very likely that the fish will win the battle between them. You are killing me, fish, the old man thought. But you have a right to. Never have I seen a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or more noble thing than you, brother. Come on and kill me. I do not care who kills who. (Hemingway 92) The way that Santiago regards the fish displays the great love that he feels for nature and the creatures on this earth.   Even as the battle continues on and he is weakened, he still does not feel any hatred for the fish.   As he says, â€Å"Fish, I love you and respect you very much. But I will kill you dead before this day ends† (Hemingway 54).   Even after he has defeated the fish, he does not let go of the love he feels for such a magnificent animal.   When sharks attack and take most of his prize, he feels as though he has sinned by taking such a wondrous creature’s life.   He experiences a profound sense of regret and sorrow. â€Å"They must have taken a quarter of him, and of the best meat. I wish it were a dream and that I had never hooked him. I am sorry about it, fish† (Hemingway 103).   This love provokes him to vow to fight the sharks and protect the fish as best as he could, even if it means his own death. Santiago’s love and dedication to both Manolin and the fish is an integral part of The Old Man and the Sea.   These relationships turn an otherwise tragic novel, into a tale of hope.   The boy and the old man are dedicated to each other and the reader has faith that through this love, Santiago will be able to overcome the devastating loss of his prize.   Manolin vows to never leave him again and dismisses the expectations placed upon him by his family.   The ending can be considered triumphant because through Santiago’s dedication, he was able to defeat the fish and still be able to return home to his beloved friend. WORKS CITED Hemingway, Ernest.   The Old Man and the Sea.   New York: Scribner, 1995.

Debate Paper Essay

The use of animals in scientific experimentation should be continued to be fought against because it is morally wrong in so many ways; there are alternatives to animal experimentation. The use of animals in experimentation has been a debate and a controversy for quite some time now. There are many who strong opinions and views on this very sensitive issue; I even stand strongly against using animals for any kind of experimentation. This always leads us to one question that has been been asked; Is it right? There are quiet a lot of alternatives to animal experimentation, and they can be found on quite a few websites. Just like there are alternatives there are also pros and cons when it comes to animal experimentation, an even though some people stand strongly against this cruel act there is no way that they can avoid some of the pros that come along with it; nor can those for this cruel act can ignore the cons that come along with it. Did you know that there is an estimated twenty-six million animals that are used every year for scientific and commercial testing? There are scientists who defend animal researching saying that this testing has contributed greatly to the advancement of cures for human diseases. In my own opinion animal testing is wrong; not only for the unnecessary pain to a living creature, but because it is also wrong for the environment. Some scientists believe an claim that testing on animals is the key to finding cures for human diseases. They try to justify the pain they inflict on them by injecting them with viral an deadly diseases for which there is no known cure for. I can understand that the only way to actually understand how a disease works is to record all the effects as they happen, but that sounds way to cruel even for an animal that may indeed have a shorter life-span than humans. According to the Humane Society International, animals that are being used in experiments are subjected to many of the following; force feeding, force inhalation, food and water deprivation, prolonged periods of physical restraint, infliction of burns and many other wounds so scientists can study the healing process, infliction of pain to study its effects and remedies, and so muc h more [Should Animals Be Used for Scientific or Commercial Testing]. Experts some that animals are appropriate research subjects because they are similar to humans beings in many ways. There are two animal that I have seen listed on quite a few sites about animal testing and they are chimpanzees and mice. A Chimpanzee shares 99% of their DNA with humans, while mice are 98% genetically similar to humans; this kind of information shocked me because I can understand the whole chimpanzee thing but a mice is something I don’t completely understand. Though because of animals and humans being so biologically similar they are susceptible to many of the same condition and illnesses; this also include heart disease, cancer, and diabetes [Should Animals Be Used for Scientific or Commercial Testing]. Experts like to test on animals not only because it is a must in some cases or a better testing ground, but it because they are used to them and it is hard for them to leave the well beaten path an take the very less traveled road towards stem cell research or even human skin research. These alternatives would provide the same results and would not implicate any damage to animals anymore; which is something that a lot of us are fighting against in the long run. Human skin testing is supposed to soon replace all animal testing in the cosmetic field, and some private companies have already resorted to this type of experimentation. While I was doing some extra researching on alternatives I have come across an article titled â€Å"Alternatives to Animal Testing†. Upon reading this article I have come across a section that was talking about how the Harvard’s Wyss Institute had created organs-on-chips. The organs-on-chips contain human cells that are grown in a state of the art system to mimic the structure and function of the human organs and organ systems; these chips can be used in testing instead of animals. Organs-on-chips have been shown to be able to replicate human physiology, diseases, and drug responses more accurately than crude animal experiments do. Thankfully there has been some companies who have already started using these chips in place of animals and one of these companies is HuRel Corporation [Alternatives to Anim al Testing]. The animal welfare control claims that it is inappropriate to test on animal, especially when the testing is for futile cosmetic products, because they assert that animal’s body composition is different to a human body, therefore, a medical product that might help cure the disease on an animal, doesn’t necessarily work on another animals, and especially on humans. So you may be asking yourself why do they subject these animals to pain, diseases and vivisection, when the results might not be of any help what so  ever to humans? Experts claim that they are aware of the many subtle differences between animals and humans, but animals continue to be the closest match they can think of; to be honest this is something that I can agree on after I read about how close chimpanzees are to having the same DNA as us humans. Both animal welfare control and sceientists have been debating endlessly on this topic; with scientists listing many cures that were identified thanks to animal research and the animal rights that continue to claim that it is unnecessary torture, even more so when experts conduct the same experiments several times with the same results. Adding to this debate between the two there are another set of scientists who are fighting alongside the animal rights. These scientists are the ones who work and record the changes in the environment. Apparently most animals that are used for research purposes are already loaded with toxic materials injected into them during the trail study. These animals are than put to sleep using a lethal injection of carbon dioxide and then left to decay in open areas. The carcasses of these are then releasing the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere which subsequently contributes to global warming, with all the consequences of it. Animal rights claim that it is impossible to actually determine how many animals are tortured every year because not all the labs release the actual number of animals required, and a lot of animals are acquired illegally in these labs. They also believe that animals such as rabbits, mice and guinea pigs are hardly counted in their totals, and that their torture starts way before the testing even begins. This is because some of these animals are kept in very small plastic boxes an have hardly any room for movements. When you think about how some of these animals are kept before testing even begins, you have to ask yourself if they are even healthy enough to even test on to begin with. Even the animal rights believe that these animals should not be good for testing because not only are they not in good shape, but because they also don’t lead a normal life which renders them not aceeptable for testing. There are several cosmetic tests that are commonly used on mice, rats, rabbits, and guinea pigs that include a few of the following; skin and eye irritation tests where chemicals are rubbed on shaved skin or dripped into the eyes without any pain relief [11 Facts About  Animal Testing]. Thankfully in the year 2000, President Clinton had signed a law that provided for a chimp haven for all the chimps that were lucky enough to survive animal testing; this was built in Shreveport, Louisiana. According to PETA, more than 100 million animals are burned, crippled, and tortured every year, just in the United States, and the problem that PETA is trying to bring to light, is that no testing, no matter how cruel or painful, is illegal. There are no laws to protect these animals, and even when alternatives to animal testing are available, the law doesn’t require for scientists to use it. The most disturbing fact, still according to PETA, is that a staggering number of 92% of drugs that work on animals, do not work on human. When you know about these kind of facts you really have to ask yourself is all this animal testing is even worth all these scientists time. Surely they can be doing something better with their time an knowledge, but to people who know these facts are probably wondering if maybe these scientists just enjoy torturing these poor defenseless animals; again this is my own opinon so I don’t mean to offend anyone. In 2003 the European Union has banned all animal testing for cosmetic purposes to start in 2009, and a ban on any products tested on animals as of January 2013. The European Union also claimed that testing performed on animals is completely inaccurate; aside from the fact that it is inhumane. If the consumers don’t want to stop and think about the tortue animals are put through then they should think of the reactions that some cosemtics could have on humans if they are not tested properly. Most likely corporations are only testing on animals and not humans to avoid all the liabilities and expensive lawsuits just to protect the company’s name; this is something that could be possible because if you do a testing on a human an you end up killing them, then you are held responsible and could be open up to being sued by the living relatives of that person. As an individual I believe I can make a difference in animal testing by refusing to purchase cosemtics that have been tested on animals; which is something that I have been doing. Every time I buy a product to use on myself or my daughter I always make sure that it has never been tested on animals. Grant you a single person can not make a big difference or make the  animal testing stop, but when that one person becomes more than just one their voice get louder. Yes the changes might not happen in my lifetime, but just maybe they might change when our children are older an they have their own children. As long as we keep fighting for what we believe in one day all this cruel animal testing will be nothing but just a bad memory that has finally become a thing of the past. For years we have dealt with several studies and experiments on animals, and we need to stand up as a whole an put a stop to this painful and grotesque thing this is happening to animals. From everything that I have told you throughout this entire paper you can now see that there is proof of this happening an that is is harmful to animals. Sadly the only way to stop it is to be aware that it does actually exist and, fight back against it because what would you do if it was one of your animals that was being tested on? Refernces â€Å"About Cosmetics Animal Testing† (www.hsi.org/issues/becrueltyfree/facts/about_cosmetics_animal_testing.html) â€Å"Alternatives to Animal Testing† (http://www.peta.org/issues/animals-used-for-experimentation/alternatives-animal-testing/) â€Å"Animal and Product Testing† (www.navs.org/cruelty-free/animals-and-product-testing#.UxODBvldWT8) â€Å"Facts about Animal Testing† (www.dosomething.org/tipsandtools/11-facts-about-animl-testing) â€Å"Should Animals Be Used for Scientific or Commercial Testing† (http://animal-testing.procon.org/)

Can Rational Choice Theory Explain Cyber Terrorism in the United Research Paper

Can Rational Choice Theory Explain Cyber Terrorism in the United States - Research Paper Example This defines the scope of cyber terrorism and I, in this paper, explore the scope of cyber terrorism and existence of a relationship between the scope of cyber terrorism and Rational Choice Theory and the theory’s applicability to cyber terrorism in the United States. Cyber terrorism The definition of cyber terrorism is controversial because of differences in professional perspectives. Information technology experts, for example, dispute diversified opinions over the term cyber terrorism and existence of such a crime. There are however many security based definitions of cyber terrorism and their consideration can coin a comprehensive meaning. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), defines cyber terrorism as an offensive that employs â€Å"computer or communication networks† to inflict significant harm or disorientation with the aim of creating â€Å"fear or to intimidate† a group in order to achieve an objective (Centre of Excellence Defence Against Terro rism, 2008, p. 119). The organization however identifies limitation in this definition because of lack of the physical aspects in the scope of the alleged attacks. The National Infrastructure Protection Center however offers a more comprehensive definition that incorporates elements of violence in the offensive acts, confusion as the attackers’ intentions, and â€Å"political and social† influence as possible objectives (Centre of Excellence Defence Against Terrorism, 2008, p. 119). The federal Bureau of Investigations further incorporates pre-established plans into the acts that majorly target civilians (Centre of Excellence Defence Against Terrorism, 2008). Cyber terrorism is therefore a planned attack on a civilian group that is affiliated to a target political force, implemented using computer based applications and communication systems and leads to violence, destruction of property and disorientations in order to instill fear and intimidate people into the offend er’s desires political, social, or ideological needs. Elements of cyber terrorism The scope of cyber terrorism identifies many elements. One of its major elements is the speed with which it is executed and the number of people that it affects. Being an illegal act that authorities would wish to divert, the crime is conducted at a swift speed to ensure success through avoiding possible prevention measures. The faster nature of the crime also identifies with its medium of execution, the internet, which is instant. Cyber terrorism also affects many people because of the medium’s property and the crime’s aims. The internet condenses data and this means that extensive information that affects many people can be targeted by a single attack. Further, communication through the internet is fast, information is accessible to many people, and this spreads impacts of the offensive to a wider population (Keene, 2011). Illegal access to a system is another feature of cyber te rrorism whose scope includes hacking of a target’s website to interfere with its data or use the site to communicate the terrorists’ intended messages (Broadhurst, 2004). Application of computer and computer-based applications is another element of the

Semantics and syntax Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Semantics and syntax - Assignment Example The main difference between sentence meaning and utterance meaning is due to explicit content and implicit content. Proposition expressed is the part of explicit content. Through example proposition expressed will be illustrated. In this example the reply of student is implicitly stating that task is not completed. The student is not stating explicitly that work is not done but from the reply it is clear what student wants to convey. The statement of the teacher is explicit but reply of the student is implicit. Speech act is a term in linguistics. The modern use of the term goes back to John L. Austins doctrine of locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary acts. Speech acts normally include promising, ordering, greeting, warning, inviting and congratulating. In the above example the speaker is requesting and therefore a speech act. In the above example the relationship between the sentences is of presupposition. In linguistics, a presupposition is an implicit supposition about the world or background belief relating to an utterance whose truth is taken for granted in conversation. In the example the affirmative form of (a) presupposes (b). This presupposition is still true in case (a) becomes negative, interrogative or supposition. For example negative form â€Å"She was not appalled that prime minister was wearing flip flops†, still presupposes (b) as true. The same case prevails in case of interrogative and supposition. In the above example the relationship between the two sentences is of implicature. In linguistics Implicature is a term in linguistics, coined by H. P. Grice, which refers to what is â€Å"suggested† in an utterance, even though neither â€Å"expressed† nor â€Å"strictly implied† by the utterance. In the example, the second statement is stating what may not be true but from 2(a) it is implicit that speaker does not know where Henry is. The statement 2(a) is implicitly

The Therapist's Perspective of Using Modern Communication Technology Essay

The Therapist's Perspective of Using Modern Communication Technology to Deliver Psychosexual Therapy - Essay Example Moreover, the paper will focus on the therapist’s perception of working with sexual issues using modern communication technology. The paper will also address the therapist’s perception of the challenges, strengths of process, and the effectiveness of psychosexual therapy delivered using modern communication technology. Examples of modern communication technology to be discussed in the paper include mobile phones and computers with the use of Skype, Internet, video conferences and video calls, social networking and instant text messaging. The therapist’s perspective of using modern communication technology to deliver psychosexual therapy Introduction The rapid advancement of technology over the last decades has heralded a significant change in the development of technological applications in psychotherapy. The use of modern technology in psychological counselling has become extremely common and popular in the world of today. This has seen widespread usage of moder n technological devices in the world of psychotherapy. The various psychological devices used in the world of psychotherapy and psychological counselling include computer-administered therapy, self-help Internet sites, virtual reality therapy, adjunctive palmtop computer therapy, and the use of biofeedback through physiological monitoring (Gladding, 2004). Therapists prefer to use technology owing to the various advantages and benefits that it offers. Technology contributes significantly to giving clients feedback regarding what causes or contributes to their problems and their response to the therapy administered by the practitioner. Therapists have employed the use of technology such as computers, video calls, instant text messaging, among others in counselling couples who have psychosexual problems. What is Psychosexual Therapy? According to Evans (2008), psychosexual therapy is part of marriage counselling where the therapist works with two people in a relationship. As part of m arriage counselling, psychosexual therapy aims at assisting couples to understand their conflicts and resolve them with an aim of improving their relationship. At the end of the counselling sessions, the couples should have gained the ability for better communication, problem solving capacities, and know how they can negotiate their differences. During the counselling sessions, the couples get help from the therapist about sexual issues and other essential issues in the relationship. Some of the issues addressed during marriage counselling encompass anger, sex problems, illness as well as problems in communication. To manage the resulting stress and conflicts, couple counselling through psychosexual therapy becomes very essential. Psychosexual therapy entails some form of treatment by qualified practitioners addressing emotional problems or sexual dysfunctions in a relationship. Psychosexual counselling helps solve the problems, which may be causing distress to a couple in a marriag e or partners in a relationship. As a behavioural programme, psychosexual counselling explores and discusses the sexual problems openly and dwells on the emotional blocks that the couple has. Some of the issues addressed through psychosexual therapy in men include premature ejaculation, erectile failure, as well as retarded ejaculation. The key dysfunctions encountered by women encompass orgasmic dysfunction, dyspareunia, and vaginismus (Mcleod, 2009). The therapists have their own perceptions while working with couples in a

Refusal Memo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Refusal Memo - Essay Example The community service program volunteered by the employees has been running smoothly and has been displayed on the company’s website. Dawson & Engels are thus able to improve its image as a social citizen which puts the company is a better place in the competitive scenario. This has been achieved with the help of strategic policies of the company and considering the needs, culture, and sentiments of the society (Banerjee 89). The higher management of the company is politically conservative which is compatible with the views of the employees and the individual citizens in the community. The company also encouraged its employees to participate in the listed volunteer opportunities and without them the entire employee volunteer program would be a failure. The organization has due respect to the employees of the purchasing department as well and has considered your proposal of inclusion of CNV in the list of volunteer opportunities. However, D&E has decided not to engage into the activities of CNV as functional activities and strategies of CNV in resolving community conflicts, conducting peace camps and holding sessions in the schools are politically neutral. ... Looking at the amount of cost involved in engaging into the activities of CNV and the cost-benefit analysis, it would not be prudent to accept the proposal. The company encourages your involvement in the alternate areas available in the approved list of volunteer programs or is even ready to accept new proposals that are in line with the policies of the company (Crew 45). D&E also does not intend to affront its company executives in pursuing this social activity. The company expects that this would be accepted in good spirits and is looking for more proposals in future. Dawson and Energy would continue to recognize the employees for performing outstanding work in the employee volunteer program. In cases approved by the company, the employees would continue to be eligible for the paid volunteer hours for rendering the service to the community on behalf of Dawson and Energy. Memorandum Date: 9th October, 2013. To: The Instructor From: The Student Subject: Rationale for refusal to inclu sion of CNV in the list of community services. The community services are being undertaken by Dawson and Energy as an initiative to become a good citizen of the community. The community services are being rendered in the form of employee volunteer program that is planned in consonance with the marketing director. In order to do this, the company has prepared its list of volunteering activities in different areas. In these areas, the company has taken a strategy to provide grants to the organizations that they would support for providing the community service (Hawkins 42). The company respects the culture and sentiments of the society and carries

You can choose the best topic for this assignment Essay

You can choose the best topic for this assignment - Essay Example er day, Cole serves to rule out many ambiguities and makes the public familiar with how the Holocaust can be called an expression of a wartime propaganda and how none of the facilities examined at Auschwitz supported any genocide or execution of millions of Jews using any lethal gas. The wild facts exposed by Cole’s interview instantly set a fire of antagonism, debate, and deliberation among historians and critics around the globe. Cole’s narration can be found based on sound and credible approach considering the fact that promoting the camps built up by Germans as being capable of massacring such an astounding number of people is empty mockery. Through this interview, Cole manages in ruling out the possibility that any cruel act like the Holocaust actually happened because many years would have been required to execute as many as six million Jews considering that Dr. Piper stressed on limited gassings per day and multiple gassings per day at a very fast pace would have been required for such a large scale massacre. In Cole’s own words, â€Å"the concept of limited gassing makes ridiculous the idea of German intent to wipe out the entire Jewish population† (Cole and

Philosophical Prepositions by Fichte Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Philosophical Prepositions by Fichte - Essay Example 1963). Clearly, his prepositions are the basis of life. They  help  human beings to make decisions even the scientists who only believe in facts that can be proved. One of the prepositions is the ego as an aspect of identity. It indicates the  originality  of the human nature. Fichte argues that the ego is what comes first in decision-making. It controls the choices made by human beings in their daily life. This preposition is  significant  in that it brings out the  aspect  of individuality. Human beings need to be themselves. They need to make decisions in all categories of life rather than waiting for people to do it for them. Fichte says that this preposition dominates the whole being of a man. However, the decisions made by the  person  usually have effects in the future. Fichte asserts that there must be  conscious  when making choices (Copleston, F. 1963). This means ego is not the only factor that drives human being. In other words, there are some dang ers related to the use of ego in decision-making. Experience  is needed  in making a  choice  rather than emotions. If one has  absolute  ego, it  is argued  that he might make decisions that he will regret in the future. There must be a balance between the ego and the conscious part of the human mind. It clearly comes out from the above  rational  discussion  that, there is the interconnectedness between the ego and other things. The things that we are talking about are the second and third prepositions as proposed by Fichte (Copleston, F. 1963). If there is a need to  control  the ego, then what should  control  it? According to Fichte, non-ego is the controlling  factor  of ego. This is the second preposition. It walks in the opposite direction of the ego. One has certainly to be able to  strike  the  balance  in life. This applies to all categories of life. The essence of this is that the ego and the non-ego must cancel each other for th e balance to be made. It thus, an integral feature of the human mind in controlling emotions. Some people have too much ego such that seeing the obvious sense is a problem. They always want to  impose  themselves. They want their  identity  to  reign. In this light, they tend to make wrong decisions that  put  them into problems. They  act  so weirdly in situations they  are supposed  to  act  otherwise. Such people are not  rationale  and therefore cannot be the best leaders. They  are controlled  by their emotions and are always  dictatorial. This is  advantageous  to  know  so that people do not make mistakes in voting in leaders who will be part of the problems rather than solutions. Once the ego and the non-ego cancel, the only possible thing that should exist is the  conscious. This is because; its absence  will be rendered  useless. What he decides thereafter may as well not be of importance to his life. There must be another thing to bring about the rationality. The ‘I’, which is the third preposition, plays a crucial role between the ego and the non-ego. It ensures the viability of the conscious when the first two prepositions cancel. As Fichte says, it is particularly significant to the decision made. Ego is  profitable, but the  absolute  ego could pose some problems. The non-ego, on the other hand, is also  valuable. However, if it dominates it renders the whole  process  useless. That is why a mediator must be employed. This brings out the validity of the

An implantable cardiac pacemaker Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

An implantable cardiac pacemaker - Essay Example The straining of the heart causes further damage to the heart muscles and this may eventually lead to complete wearing out of the heart. It is imperative to note that this condition is serious medical problem that may be caused by diseases that cause damage to the heart such as coronary heart disease and high blood pressure. The cardiac pacemaker is a device that can be used to treat heart failure by assisting the heart to perform its function of pumping blood to the body (Forde & Pat, p. 1263). The device is placed in the chest of the person who has the problem of heart failure and it delivers controlled and systematic electric stimulus to maintain normal heartbeat. Notably, the cardiac pacemaker monitors the hear beat of a person ensures that the heart rate is normal. This device plays a vital role of ensuring that the affected person does not succumb to heart failure by ensuring that the heart pumps blood at the desired rate. For instance, if the heart begins to slow down in its p umping process, the cardiac pacemaker sends an electric stimulus to the heart to initiate normal pumping. Once the heart regains the desired pumping rate, the cardiac pacemaker takes a back seat and continues monitoring the heart rate for any anomalies. According to (Beck et al 812), approximately a third of the people with heart failures have problems with the transmission of electrical impulses to the ventricles of the heart. This means that the cardiac pacemaker can help to deliver the required electrical stimulus in order to synchronize the pumping of blood by both the ventricles of the heart in the appropriate manner. Cardiac pacemaker devices are important especially for people who experience moderate and occasional severe heart failures. This device can help to avert the dangers associated with abnormal pumping of blood by the heart and thus save millions of lives. Also, people with persistent heart failures despite taking the requisite medications can use cardiac pacemakers. In such cases, the cardiac pacemaker can be implanted permanently on the chest of the affected person whereby it manages the heart failure condition by monitoring the heart rate and intervening whenever necessary (Bazaka & Mohan, p. 14). This device also has therapeutic functions for people who have weak heart muscles that cannot function normally. The first ever electronic device to be implanted into a human body was the cardiac pacemaker. In 1958, the first cardiac pacemaker designed and produced by Dr. Rune Elmqvist was implanted on a patient who was suffering from severe Gerbezius-Adam’s-Stokes attacks (Beck et al 811, Haddad et al., p. 40). This pioneering device was powered by rechargeable batteries and it only had one silicon transistor. Notably, the first cardiac pacemaker worked only for a few hours before it had to be replaced by a second similar device. Before the implanted cardiac device was designed, early scientists had produced an external pacemaker which work ed successfully in the provision of temporary cardiac therapy. The external pacemaker was a cumbersome and heavy device which could not be easily carried around by the patients (Haddad et al., p. 42). Advances in biomedical engineering and the discovery of silicon transistors made it possible for scientists to produce a lighter and portable pacemaker. According to Bazaka and Mohan, these pacemakers were externally carried by the

Romeo and Juliet Act one scene one Essay Example for Free

Romeo and Juliet Act one scene one Essay He is a strong character who could bring about the end of the fighting where others failed. Looking at different versions of the play we can compare the character of the prince. In Baz Luhruanns modern day play the prince is portrayed as the chief of police, but the wide angles used and the height of the helicopter he is in still demonstrates a sense of power. This reinforces the power of the Princes threat and still indicates that the play will end in tragedy. Romeo is introduced at this point too, although he is not involved in the fight. We actually see him as the victim of unrequited love, and the audience is surprised to find that the object of Romeos affection at this point is not Juliet but Rosalind. We can see that in this play love is clearly a painful matter. Romeo is suffering for his love and this is portrayed in his posture and actions. Griefs of mine own lie heavy in my breast, which thou will propagate, to have it prest with more of thine: this love that thou hast shown doth add more grief to too much of mine own. He demonstrates love sickness, whilst Rosalind, the girl toward whom his love is aimed, adopts a cool and disdainful attitude towards him. The audience is left to wonder how this love will develop although they are left with no doubt that Romeos love life will have a huge effect on the story. The audience is also left to ponder whether Romeo will follow Benvolios suggestion to forget this love. Be ruled by me, forget to think of her. The opening scene works well as an introduction to the play because it shows that the love affair in this play is going to develop against a background of hatred, a clever contrast of emotions. It begins with an exciting fight scene and ends with a declaration of love. It makes the audience question what will arise later in the play and ultimately indicates on the tragedy that is to follow. It is during this scene that the audience becomes aware that both the love scenes and the fight scenes will continue and mix throughout the duration of the play, leading to the tragic downfall which is how the play ends.   Jenny Irving 11F2 Romeo and Juliet Coursework Assignment Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Miscellaneous section. Download this essay Print Save Not the one?

Public and Private Sector Collaborations Essay Example for Free

Public and Private Sector Collaborations Essay Open research organizations and private firms work under very diverse situations and with poles a-part aims and objectives, which result in fairly different outcomes in the two types of organizations. Public researchers are mainly ambitious due to their willingness to expand knowledge and publish them in journals and magazines to help for the cause of bringing it to knowledge of the masses. On the other hand, private firms and ventures aim to achieve higher profits through commercially valid information that the firm builds up or obtain to be kept in the boundaries of the company and far away from opponents in the market or the industry. This usually results in the conflicts among the two forms of organizations and it is difficult to work in collaboration between the public and private organizations. But it has also been evident from the past that, private companies and firms which have worked in public collaborations, although not many succeeded, but those who did, have been able to achieve goals and have set trends for other organizations to work for the cause of social development and enhancement of public systems for noble cause. Current Situation (LoJack) and Strategy: LoJack Corporation markets and authorizes the LoJack System, a unique, proprietary system used entirely by law enforcement workforce to track, establish, and pick up stolen motor vehicles. The problem of vehicle theft has escalated to an epidemic level an estimated to result in an yearly loss of approximately $8 billion. The LoJack System has an established track evidence of falling damages, striking public protection, and solving grave crimes related to motor vehicle thievery, all accomplished within the realistic restrictions of overburdened law enforcement structure.   Currently, LoJack has unique system designed to assist law enforcement in locating and tracking stole vehicles. Competition is fierce if viewed with Telemetric and GPS tracking devices. However, if we look at vehicle recovery systems, LoJack is the global leader with a law enforcement network that cannot be easily duplicated.   This law enforcement network is challenging politically and requires a high degree of local political assistance.   Financially, sales are climbing, but year over year growth is declining.   The distribution system through auto retailers seems stuck to new car sales. The LoJack strategy at the present time consists of several discrete variables.   LoJack has elected to expand into new geographic areas and markets which is a logical growth strategy for the firm which has established an enviable reputation in terms of asset recovery systems.   This company has developed a new tracking unit that permits it to move into new segments such as trailers while simultaneously reducing costs for such units, therefore, establishing itself as a cost leader in the sector.  Ã‚  Ã‚   This combined with a strong differentiation of product through law enforcement networks gives LoJack a strong competitive advantage.   These are strengths that cannot be quickly or easily duplicated and because of the proprietary technical aspect of this product.   Competitors would have to try and find substitute products to compete directly with LoJack. Competitive Environment New Entrants Teletrec and other competitors were on the market prior to LoJack’s entrance and other competitors are entering the market through GPS based systems such as ‘OnStar’.   These systems are not a onetime purchase but incur monthly fees to maintain service and may require the use of a cell phone. Substitutes Just as with GPS, there is a threat of substitute products coming on-line through new technology, but this threat should be mitigated by LoJack’s network with local law enforcement agencies. Suppliers Suppliers are also a threat as the auto industry is developing its own telematics technology.   The automakers have started relying on standards to speed up the plan cycle. Their incapability to bring state-of-the-art activity, communication, routing, and other telematics (navigation, driver-warning, and communication systems) evidently emphasize the manufacturers unwillingness to relying on these standards. The automakers came into view to have understood their errors and restrictions and are participating in the development of new network standards for both critical mission and convenience or entertainment systems. LoJack must continue to market its law enforcement advantage to thwart off this threat. Buyers At this stage, buyers have relatively limited buying power due to the lack of alternative technology. However, the threat is the heavy reliance on car dealers to sell the product.   If there is no incentive to do so, then the buyer may lack the knowledge that would drive the purchase. Intensity of Rivalry Although the product is in its growing stages, and there is no clear competition, the increased activity in this sector could be conducive of a threat to achieve a large enough market share to make the implementation worthwhile. Perspective on network level strategy Both LoJack and Micro Logic embrace the embedded organizational structure.   While they both have proprietary technology, they rely on other organizations to leverage these technologies.   LoJack’s technology would not have been possible without the alliance with local law enforcement agencies, Motorola, and Micro Logic.   Micro Logic’s existence had been to partner with organizations to influence its technological resourcefulness to additionally expand the companies that it works for.   It would take an evenhandedness stand in these companies and take a long term approach. In order for Micro Logic to be successful in this venture, it would need to rely on LoJack’s distribution and marketing systems. Not only to sell its products but also to ensure its own financial stability. If LoJack is to review its long term strategy, it must understand that research and development are not at the core of its operation.   Motorola is a key component to both LoJack and Micro Logic and has been a strong partner providing vital assistance. They cannot be relied on to only provide this technology to LoJack.   They are a much larger company and will look to broaden their reach.   In the fall of 1999 Motorola was already working to become a driving force in the telematics industry and moved to position itself with the major car companies. Recommendations Short Term LoJack should look to form a free alliance with Micro Logic. This would allow for LoJack to expand into the new market of construction equipment where need exist and no clear provider exist. An alliance between these two organizations has a proven track record and a proven product that can be marketed globally. The alliance should tackle the construction equipment market. This is a market that has a strong need for a location and asset management technology there is no clear market leader and creativity and innovation in products play a vital role to become a leader. The combination of LoJack’s proven solution for tracking and the ability of Micro Logic to develop strong asset management software would allow for strong penetration in this market.   Both organizations should look to work in their core areas of expertise. LoJack recognizes how to market and allocate the products and Micro Logic should right away assume the Research Development purpose. This will allow both companies to continue to drive down cost. LoJack presently has sufficient cash on hand to assist the need for cash with Micro Logic.   At this point, the cash infusion should be done as a low or no interest loan to Micro Logic. The partnership works well over time, Micro Logic can establish if this is their core business.   If not, they will be able to sell this product back to LoJack just as it did the first time and move in a different direction or become a secondary firm to LoJack.   Motorola is currently working on the 3rd generation LoJack and Micro Logic shou ld work directly with Motorola on this function. Medium Term Once a clear hold on the construction market is protected, then the alliance will have the opportunity to move into the trailer market. A proven track record in auto recovery and construction equipment asset management will allow strong credibility and should allow LoJack and Micro Logic to become the market leaders. During this stage both firms will need to determine the structure of the company and if they are able to grow construction equipment sales to the same rate as existing auto sales then LoJack would be in a position to either absorb Metrologic into the existing organization or turn Micro Logic into a subsidiary. Long Term Emerging markets will be critical to the long term success of LoJack.   With a strong foothold on the construction market this area would be a logical first step into emerging markets as contraction equipment would usually surpass new car sales.   Immerging markets will provide the strongest revenue growths for the company and is possible this may need to be moved into the mid-term focus depending on the success for the technology.

FPGA Stage for Application-Level Network Security

FPGA Stage for Application-Level Network Security A Self-Versatile FPGA Stage for Application-Level Network Security A Research Report for the DSCI 60998 Capstone Project in Digital Sciences Course Vamsi Krishna Chanupati Ramya Ganguri Kent State University Fall Semester, 2016 Abstract Wireless communication networks are subjected to vulnerable attacks. The extent of attacks is rising day by day. The proposed work shows the extent of attacks growing in every-day life and a counter method to minimize the extent of these vulnerable attacks. Several studies shows that new and more stable security methods need to be developed by considering information safety, confidentiality, authentication and non-repudiation in the wireless sensor networks. The proposed study shows a self-adoptable FPGA Stage for Application-Level Network Security using application-independent core process IP, UDP and TCP protocols as well as ARP and ICMP message plots. The altered quickened figure outline utilizes information subordinate changes, and can be utilized for quick equipment, firmware, programming and WSN encryption frameworks. The approach exhibited demonstrated that figures utilizing this approach are more averse to endure interruption of differential cryptanalysis than as of now utili zed famous WSN figures like DES, Camellia. In this report an overview of existing FPGA algorithms for application level network security is examined and a new FPGA algorithm is proposed. Keywords: FPGA, WSN encryption, computer aided systems design. Introduction The Purpose of the Study (Statement of the Problem) With the developing dependence of business, government, and additionally private clients  on the Web, the interest for fast information exchange has swelled. On a specialized level, this  has been accomplished by enhanced transmission advancements: 10 Gb/s Ethernet is now in  across the board reasonable use at the ISP and server farm levels, gauges for 40 Gb/s and 100 Gb/s speeds have as of now been figured. The information volume exchanged at these velocities introduces a huge test to current efforts to establish safety, particularly while going past straightforward firewalls and additionally considering payload assessment, or even application- level conventions. Wireless Sensor Networks are most pre-dominant with this speeds and it is very difficult for customary programmable processors are to stay aware of these speeds. A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a gathering of spatially dispersed, free gadgets that gather information by measuring the physical or ecological conditions. A portion of the conditions are being measured is temperature, weight, dampness, sound, position, lighting, and use data. These readings, as information, are gone through the network, are ordered and sorted out, and later it is conveyed to end client. WSNs are utilized for some applications like power framework controls, modern process checking and control, human wellbeing observing. Generally, these WSNs tend to require a considerable measure of energy to work, yet diminishing the power is needed for the framework, It builds the lifespan of the sensor gadgets and also leaving space for the battery-fueled applications. As an option, both programming customized committed system handling units and equipment quickening agents for these operations have been proposed. The utilization of reconfigurable rationale for the last permits more noteworthy adaptability than hardwiring the usefulness, while yet permitting full-speed operation. This research gives a detailed description of present day FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) and examines the extent of security level standards in the existing FPGA algorithms. The proposed research study has free key preprocessing which gives elite in regular keys trade. The prime objective of this research is to design an application level network security algorithm using FPGA. This research incorporates the study of various possible threats and vulnerable attacks in wireless communications networks and their effects. It includes the detailed study of design and implementation of application level network security algorithms on FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) The Justification/Significance of the Study This research proposes a self-adoptable FPGA Stage for Application-Level Network Security for application level wireless network security. A lot of research is required on wireless network security, to improve the performance efficiency and to make the system smart. The research on the latest trending technologies, and a proposed solution to a problem will be carried out in this project, hence it is justified. This research study is a part of huge project, which involves the use of FPGA for network security. The basic design of the proposed research remains the same although the scale of the projects varies. The study will include the research in FPGA algorithm development WSN encryption and computer aided systems design. Different views on the technology design, its applications and implementation will be presented in the research report. This research also adds to current research going on in field of the application level wireless network security, Data encryption and crypto-analysis. The Research Objectives The objectives of this research are Wireless level networks and analysis of security issues This step involves the study of the existing techniques in wireless network security. The research of the existing literature reveals that the wireless sensor network security techniques have been proposed for network security by some researchers and the existing models does not consider the use of feistel ciphers in the research. Design of the algorithm model The model to be proposed uses self-adoptable FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) for application level network security. A new FPGA based algorithm is designed in order to decrease the extent of attacks in application level network security. It shows that new and more stable security algorithms need to be developed to provide information safety and confidentiality in the networks. This is useful in minimizing the vulnerable attacks in application level networks. There are several other indirect applications of the model to be proposed. Literature Review A survey on FPGA for network security that was presented by Muhlbach (2010) depicts an execution of an intrusion detection system (IDS) on a FPGA for network security. Various studies have analyzed string-coordinating circuits for IDS. A strategy for producing a string based coordinating circuit that has expandability of handling information width and radically lessened asset prerequisites. This circuit is used for packet filtering for an intrusion protection system (IPS). An apparatus for consequently creating the Verilog HDL source code of the IDS circuit from rules set is developed, utilizing the FPGA and the IDS circuit generator, this framework can redesign the coordinating origin relating to new interruptions and attacks. The IDS circuit on a FPGA board has been assessed and its exactness and throughput is calculated. There are various methods, which depicts the usage of Simple Network Intrusion Detection System (SNIDS) detailed explanation is given by Flynn, A (2009), basic equipment arrange interruption recognition framework focusing on FPGA gadgets. SNIDS snoops the activity on the transport interfacing the processor to the Ethernet fringe center and identifies the Ethernet outlines that match a predefined set of examples demonstrating malevolent or refused content. SNIDS depends on an as of late proposed engineering for high-throughput string coordinating. This method executes the SNIDS utilizing the Xilinx CAD (Computer Aided Design) devices and tests its operation on a FPGA gadget. Moreover, programming instruments that empower programmed era of a SNIDS center coordinating a predefined set of examples. They exhibit the utilization of SNIDS inside a practical FPGA framework on a chip associated with a little system. Chan et al. exhibited that the PIKE plans include lower memory stockpiling necessities than arbitrary key circulation while requiring practically identical correspondence overheads. PIKE is as of now the main symmetric-key predistribution plot which scales sub-straightly in both correspondences overhead per hub and memory overhead per hub while being flexible to an enemy fit for undetected hub bargain. PIKE appreciates a uniform correspondence design for key foundation, which is difficult to irritate for an assailant. The dispersed way of PIKE likewise does not give a solitary purpose of inability to assault, giving versatility against focused assaults. There are certain challenges to be overcome while designing an FPGA algorithm for application level network security, a detailed explanation and analyses is given in (Koch Cho., 2007). The first and difficult challenge is designing an FPGA based algorithm for network security. The system to handle and analyze such data should be super-fast and compatible. The existing hardware is able to do many operations to handle the data; however, special computing systems should be designed to process larger data in shorter time. Another challenge in this area is to secure the data that is generated by multiple sources of different nature. The data needs to be processed before analyzing it for pattern discovery. The data generated is not necessarily complete because of different usage cases of the device. In addition, this feature is used to predict the events of a device and manage every other device and network connected to the device for efficiency, performance and reliability. Preparing abilities in wireless network hubs are ordinarily in view of Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) or programmable microcontrollers. In any case, the utilization of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) gives particular equipment innovation, which can likewise be reprogrammable in this way giving a reconfigurable wireless network framework. The incomplete reconfiguration is the way toward altering just areas of the rationale that is executed in a FPGA. Accordingly, the comparing circuit can be adjusted to adjust its usefulness to perform diverse assignments. This adjustment ability permits the usage of complex applications by utilizing the fractional re-configurability with low power utilization. This last element additionally speaks to a critical perspective when FPGAs are connected in wireless network frameworks. These days, the wireless network frameworks are required to give an expanding exactness, determination, and accuracy while diminishing the size and utilization. Also , FPGAs and their fractional re-configurability permit us to furnish wireless network frameworks with extra properties like high security, preparing abilities, interfaces, testing, arrangement, and so on. The present capacities of FPGA designs permit not just execution of basic combinational and consecutive circuits, additionally the incorporation of abnormal state delicate processors. The utilization of incorporated processors holds numerous uncommon points of interest for the fashioner, including customization, out of date quality moderation, and segment and cost lessening and equipment increasing speed. FPGA implanted processors utilize FPGA rationale components to fabricate inside memory units, information and control transports, interior and outer fringe and memory controllers. Both Xilinx and Altera give FPGA gadgets that install physical center processors worked inside the FPGA chip. These sorts of processors are called hard processors. Such is the situation for the PowerPCà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ 405 inside Virtex-4 FPGA gadgets from Xilinx and the ARM922Tà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ inside Excalibur FPGA gadgets from Altera. Delicate processors are microchips whose design is completely constructed utilizing a hardware description language (HDL). The proposed research uses an efficient method of Self-adoptable FPGA Stage for Application-Level Network Security. Research Design Description of the Research Design Wireless communication is one of the latest and the revolutionary technology of the last decade. It intends to connect every device on the planet wirelessly. This number could be billions or even trillions. These communication networks have higher transmission speeds and capable of handling the entire load. Security of this wireless communication network plays an important role to keep it robust and yet flexible. Network security is a basic issue for the application of new technologies in every aspect of society and the economy. It is especially critical for e-exchanges, where it is an essential to provide security for the transactions. The future threats to network security are still severe. As per a Computer Security Institute (CSI) survey, companies reported average annual losses of the $168,000 in 2006 and $350,424 in 2007, up forcefully from (Hao Chen Yu Chen, 2010). This data reflects both the serious circumstance of system security, and also individuals accomplishment in this issue. Focused on attacks have turned into a pattern in system security. A focused attack is a malware targeted to a particular segment. Around 20% of the respondents of the CSI review endured this sort of security attacks are turning out to be more prominent than any time in recent time. Among the type of notorious target attacks, Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack is the most threatening system security. Since 2000, DoS attacks have become quickly and have been one of the significant dangers to the accessibility and unwavering quality of system based administrations. Securing the network infrastructure has turned into a high need because of its fundamental impacts for data protection, ecommerce and even national security (Hao Chen Yu Chen, 2010). Data security principally concentrates on information, data protection and encryption. The following are some of the Requirements for a Successful Security Application. Real-Time Protection: It is key for a powerful data instrument to process information at line-speed with moderate cost. All the data movement is subjected for examination in a convenient way, and alerts are produced precisely when unusual circumstances happen. Flexible Updating: Constantly developing malicious attacks require security answers for be versatile to hold viability. The redesign could be of the learning databases (marks) that the security examination relies on upon, another answer for determining, or even the framework itself. Redesigning an application will frequently be more functional than supplanting it practically speaking. Well Controlled Scalability. Scalability is another basic concern toward functional development. Numerous reported approaches function admirably on a little scale look into system, be that as it may, their execution weakens quickly when conveyed to down to earth scale systems, for example, grounds level systems on the other hand bigger. The principle purpose behind this is framework multifaceted nature for the most part increments at a much more noteworthy rate than the system. In contrast to programming executions, application oriented and very parallel plan standards make equipment usage prevalent as far as execution. For instance, Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Stream Reassembly and State Tracking, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) could dissect a solitary TCP stream at 3.2Gbps in (M. Necker, D. Contis 2002). A FPGA-based TCP-processor created by Open Network Laboratory (ONL) was equipped for checking 8 million bidirectional TCP streams at OC-48 (2.5Gbps) information rate. ASIC-based gadgets not just have the upside of elite, accomplished through circuit plan committed to the errand, yet have the potential for low unit cost. Notwithstanding, generous cost alleviation from enormous non-repeating building venture must be accomplished when ASIC gadgets accomplish adequately high-volume creation. Shockingly, this may not be appropriate to network security applications. Steady developing guidelines and prerequisites make it unfeasible to manufacture ASIC-based system security applications at such a high volume. In addition, custom ASICs offer practically zero reconfigurability, which could be another reason that ASICs have not been generally connected in the system security zone. Reconfigurability is a key prerequisite for the accomplishment of equipment based system security applications and the accessibility of reconfigurable equipment has empowered the plan of equipment based security applications. A reconfigurable gadget could be considered as a hybrid equipment/programming stage since reconfigurability is utilized to stay up with the latest. FPGAs are the most illustrative reconfigurable equipment gadgets. A Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a kind of broadly useful, multi-level programmable rationale gadget that can be customized. At the physical level, rationale squares and programmable interconnections make the principle structure out of a FPGA. A rationale square more often than not contains a 4- input look-into table (LUT) and a flip slump for essential rationale operations, while programmable interconnections between pieces permit clients to actualize multi-level rationale. At the plan level, a rationale circuit chart or a high level hardware description language (HDL), for example, VHDL or Verilog, is utilized for the programming that indicates how the chip ought to work. In the gadgets business it is imperative to achieve the market with new items in the briefest conceivable time and to lessen the monetary danger of executing new thoughts. FPGAs were immediately embraced for the prototyping of new rationale outlines not long after they were designed in the mid 1980s because of their one of a kind component of adaptability in equipment improvement. While the execution and size of FPGAs restricted their application in, thickness and speed have brought about narrowing the execution hole amongst FPGAs and ASICs empowering FPGAs to serve as quick prototyping devices as well as to wind up essential parts in installed networks. Description of the Subject Matter(and/or), Procedures, Tasks Current FPGAs share the execution favorable position of ASICs in light of the fact that they can execute parallel rationale works in equipment (Flynn, A., 2009). They additionally share a portion of the adaptability of implanted system processors in that they can be powerfully  reconfigured. The architecture of reconfigurable network platform, called Net Stage/DPR. The  application-free center uses IP, UDP and TCP conventions and additionally ARP and ICMP  messages. It has a hierarchical design plan that permits the quick expansion of new conventions  in modules at all layers of the systems administration.   From figure 1, Handlers are connected to the core by using two different shared buses  with a throughput of 20 Gb/s each, one for the transmit and one for the receive side. Buffers boost the different processing stages and limit the impact of Handler in the processing flow. The  interface between the buffers and the actual handlers acts as a boundary for using dynamic  partial reconfiguration to swap the handlers to and fro as required.   All handlers have the same coherent and physical interfaces to the center framework. The  physical interface comprises of the association with the buffers, strategic flags, for example,  clock and reset. However, the handlers communicate with the rest of the framework simply by  sending and accepting messages (not really relating to real system bundles). These messages  comprise of an inner control header (containing, e.g., charges or state information) and  (alternatively) the payload of a system bundle. In this form, the physical interface can stay  indistinguishable over all handlers, which significantly rearranges DPR. For a similar reason,  handlers ought to likewise be stateless and utilize the Global State Memory benefit by the Net  Stage center rather (state information will then simply turn out to be a piece of the messages).   This approach avoids the need to explicitly reestablish state when handlers are reconfigured.   Incoming packets must be routed to the fitting Handler. In any case, utilizing the Handler  may really be arranged onto diverse parts of the FPGA. In this manner, we require an element  routing table that coordinates the message encapsulated payloads to the suitable administration  module. Our routing table has the standard structure of coordinating convention, attachment, and  address/net mask information of an approaching bundle to discover the related Handler and it can  get information for a whole subnet. On the transmitting side, handlers store active messages into  their departure cushions, where they will be grabbed by the center for sending. This is done  utilizing a straightforward round-robin approach, yet more perplexing plans could, obviously, be  included as required. On the off chance that bundles are bound for a Handler with a full entrance  cradle, they will be disposed of. Nonetheless, since the greater part of our present handlers can work at any r ate at the line rate; this will not happen with amid standard operation. Bundles for  which a Handler is accessible disconnected (not yet arranged onto the gadget) will be checked  before being disposed of, in the long run bringing about arranging the Handler onto the FPGA.   This technique does not ensure the gathering of all bundles yet speaks to a decent tradeoff  between speed whats more, many-sided quality. In this case that no fitting Handler exists  bundles will be discharged immediately. From Figure 2, The system can perform the self-ruling of a host PC. A committed  equipment unit is utilized as Controller of an implanted delicate center processor, since the last  would not have the capacity to accomplish the high reconfiguration speeds. Since of the capacity  prerequisites the Handler bit streams are put away in an outside SDRAM memory, and sustained  into the on-chip arrangement get to port (ICAP) by utilizing quick exchanges. For effective  results, underlying execution requires isolate bit streams for each Handler, comparing to the  physical area of the in part reconfigurable regions. To this end, the SDRAM is composed in  groups, which hold various forms of every Handler, tended to by the Handler ID and the  objective Slot number. For more accurate implementation we set the group estimate to the  normal size of every Handlers bit stream. In a more refined execution, we could utilize a solitary  bit stream for every Handler, which would then be moved to the objective Slot at run-time, and  bit stream pressure strategies to encourage lessen its size. A rule based adjustment system is executed in the Adaptation Engine that deciphers  packets measurements. In particular, bundles at the attachment level got in a period interval.   These measurements are kept for packets for which a Handler is really accessible. The design  looks for quick run queries and insights upgrades (few cycles) not withstanding for high packet  rates (10 Gb/s, bundle estimate Since they depend on similar information structures, the Packet Forwarder and the  Adaptation Motor are acknowledged in a typical equipment module. It contains the rationale for  following insights, deciphering rules, and overseeing Handler-Slot assignments. Double ports  Block RAMs are utilized to understand the 1024-section Rule and 512-section Counter Tables.   Hence, queries to decide the Slot of the goal Handler for an approaching bundle can be  performed in parallel to the run administration whats more, counter procedures. For range  proficiency, the CAM is shared between the capacities. Be that as it may, since the throughput of  the framework is straightforwardly influenced by the Packet Forwarding execution, the  comparing opening steering queries will dependably have need while getting to the CAM. Since  the CAM is utilized quickly for every procedure, it wont turn into a bottleneck. The Packet  Forwarder rationale puts the goal Handler opening for an approaching parcel in the yield line.  The sending gaze upward is pipelined: by beginning the procedure when convention, IP address  and port number have been gotten, the looked-into goal opening will by and large be accessible  when it is really required (once the bundle has gone through the entire center convention  handling). Since parcels will be neither reordere d nor dropped some time recently the Handler  arrange, basic lines suffice for buffering look-into results here. Since not every approaching  parcel ought to be numbered (e.g., TCP ACKs ought to be disregarded), the Adaptation Engine  utilizes a different port to upgrade the Counter Table just for particular bundles. The Rule  Management subsystem acknowledges orders from the administration organize interface through  a different FIFO, and has an inward FIFO that monitors accessible line addresses in the Rule  Table. From Figure 3, The FPGA locales for every Slot have been measured to 1920 LUTs  (only twice as the normal module measure). All openings have rise to region about demonstrate   that module sizes are moderately close. This rearranges the adjustment handle, since else we  would need to play out different sweeps while selecting on-line/disconnected hopefuls (one for  each unique Slot measure class). The dynamic halfway reconfiguration times and the subsequent  number of conceivable reconfigurations every second for the ICAP recurrence of 100 MHz we  utilize. We demonstrate the times not just for the 1920 LUT Slots we have utilized additionally  for both littler and bigger decisions (the best size is application-subordinate). By and large, LUTs  are not rare while acknowledging bigger Slots; however the predetermined number of accessible  Block RAMs can oblige a plan to fewer than 16 Slots if a Slot requires committed Block RAMs.  Considering the total adjustment opera tion, the time required is ruled by the real reconfiguration  time, as ICAP throughput is the restricting figure. Every single different process is  fundamentally speedier. For instance, the procedure to look over every one of the 512 Counter  Table passages to locate the following competitors requires just around 3 µs at 156.25MHz clock  speed, an immaterial time relative to the reconfiguration time (Hori Y, Satoh.2008)   Possible Errors and Their Solutions The following are the possible errors accustomed in FPGA, tampering threats such as destructive analysis, over- and under-voltage analysis, and timing analysis. Using destructive analysis, each layer of the device is captured to determine its functionality. This process requires expensive equipment and expertise. Timing analysis and over- and under-voltage analysis do not require expensive equipment, but are error prone, so are less frequently used to reverse-engineer complex FPGA designs. Also, timing analysis on an FPGA is deterministic, so the time taken from input to output can be determined by passing a signal through a multiplexer. Findings Wireless communication is one of the latest and the revolutionary technology of the last decade. It intends to connect every device on the planet wirelessly. This number could be billions or even trillions. A Self Adoptable FPGA for application level network security is must in order to have effective network security (Sascha Andreas, 2014). Since they depend on similar information structures, it contains the rationale for following insights, deciphering rules, and overseeing Handler-Slot assignments. Block RAMs are utilized to understand the section Rule and section Counter Tables. This method has very low security and the security standards can be easily cracked. (Deng et al. R. Han, 2006) created INSENS, a protected and Intrusion tolerant routing algorithm for application level security in wireless Sensor Networks. Excess multipath routing enhances interruption resilience by bypassing malignant nodes. INSENS works effectively in the nearness of interlopers. To address asset requirements, calculation on the network nodes is offloaded to asset rich base stations, e.g. registering routing tables, while low-multifaceted nature security techniques are connected, e.g. symmetric key cryptography and one-way hash capacities. The extent of harm delivered by interlopers is further constrained by limiting flooding to the base station and by having the base station arrange its bundles utilizing one-way grouping numbers. (Kang et al. K. Liu 2006) investigated the issue of versatile network routing algorithm. Regardless of the possibility that area data is checked, nodes may in any case get into mischief, for instance, by sending an extreme number of packets or dropping packets. To powerfully maintain a strategic distance from un-trusted ways and keep on routing packets even within the sight of attacks, the proposed arrangement utilizes rate control, parcel planning, and probabilistic multipath routing joined with the trust-based course choice. They examined the proposed approach in detail, sketching out effective decisions by considering conceivable attacks. They analyzed the execution of their strong network routing protocol and its performance in various situations. Several algorithms are proposed by researchers in order to improve the efficiency of application level network security, every method has its own merits and demerits. A new method to improve the algorithmic efficiency has been proposed in this research by examining all the previous algorithms. Proposed method will be high efficient when it is related to the existing techniques. The new algorithm proposed uses spacecraft network standards of communications by upgrading the data transfer processing speed to higher performance speeds with the available standards. Analysis This research is concept based and discusses the feasibility of FPGA in application level wireless communication networks to enhance applications. This study reviews the existing literature thoroughly and also proposes the use of FPGA to be applied as the next version to the application level network security The model to be proposed uses self-adoptable FPGA for application level network security. A new FPGA based algorithm is designed in order to decrease the extent of attacks in application level network security. It shows that new and more stable security algorithms need to be developed to provide information safety and confidentiality in the networks. This is useful in minimizing the vulnerable attacks in application level networks. The applications of the proposed model are infinite. FPGA intends to strong network security. Therefore, these are not specific to any field or application. There are different classifications of the applications. These classifications are required for better understanding and not necessarily research requirements. These are useful to the users in a way that increases the extent of safety and security of data in wireless data transmission. The performance analysis in network security is determined based of the extent of vulnerable attacks. The proposed algorithm is not tested further research is required for implementing this algorithm in a real time platform. Conclusions Restatement of the Problem With the developing dependence of business, government, and additionally priv

The two poems I have chosen to explain are Piano by D H Lawrence and :: English Literature Essays

Explore how two of the poems you have studied deal with the theme of looking back on a relationship The two poems I have chosen to explain are Piano by D H Lawrence and In Mrs Tilchers Class by Carol Ann Duffy; I have chosen these two poems because they both tell us about the same sort of memory, i.e. of a good time in their childhood. Moving on to the mood of the poems. Both poems are very emotional and although they are both happy memories the emotions vary, for example in 'Piano' the poem is very sad and nostalgic 'till the heart of me weeps' as the poet wishes that he could return to those presumably happier times, on the other hand 'In Mrs Tilchers class' is very childish and as in a dreamy world 'the laugh of a bell swung by a running child' The mood shows the intention of the poems. In 'In Mrs Tilchers Class' this was to recreate the safety warmth and happiness of childhood innocence and how it all changed at the end of primary school 'the inky tadpoles changed from commas into exclamation marks' I believe this symbolizes the change from a child into an adolescent. However in 'Piano' the poem is showing us how the past will always shape us he tells us how we can never go back to the past 'I weep like a child for the past' The structure and the form support the intention of the poems. In 'In Mrs Tilchers Class' the structure is very simple and easy to understand, there is no rhyming scheme, four octets and eight syllables to a line this helps to recreate the idyllic primary classroom by being very simple like the sort of things that a young child would be learning about. However 'Piano' has a very complex structure, in comparison, and although again the syllable count is random the rest is not so, there are three regular quatrains each with rhyming couplets. In particular the poets style shows us how they feel. In 'piano' the poet's style is one that is very emotional to do this, the poet hast used lots of emotive language 'weep' and 'flood of remembrance' also D

The Big Sleep - Characterization of Vivian and Carmen :: sleep

The Big Sleep - Characterization of Vivian and Carmen in the Movie and the Book The characterization of Vivian and Carmen changes drastically depending on whether you are reading the book or watching the movie. The production code forces the women in the movie to become more socially acceptable-Carmen was not crazy and Vivian was not blatantly seductive. Changes that the production code forces on the characterization of the women causes the movie to be somewhat lack luster. The book was full of painstaking description of the women that the movie completely left out. The production code of the day did not allow the characters do be described as crazy or sexual. The production code expressly forbade it. Even scripts had to be read before the movie could be filmed. Once the movie was done, censors viewed it before they allowed it to be released for the general public. Furthermore, you can forget about seeing anything close to a naked woman or a sexual scene on the screen. The strength of the book is the exact way that Chandler sets up each of scenes. In the book, one of the scenes had Carmen lying naked on Marlowe's bed when he came home. Marlowe had to threaten to throw Carmen out-naked- before she agreed to leave. It really reinforced the characterization that Chandler had used for Carmen. Carmen is very crazy and very sexual. The same scene, in the movie, is shot with Carmen waiting in Marlowe's house fully clothed. He does not have to force her to leave and she does not act nearly as crazy. The production code causes the movie to lack punch because it takes away the precise characterization that Chandler used to describe the women and the situations. The scene is so watered down that it loses the impact that it needs to make the proper impression on those who are watching it. If you only watched the movie, Carmen's visual representation would not be bothersome. After reading the book, however, the visual representation is one more thing that causes the movie to lose its impact. In the book, she is described as "baby-like" and as a spoiled brat. In the movie, she is atleast dressed up as a beautiful woman who may be a little spoiled but who is able to, for the most part, take care of herself. The Big Sleep - Characterization of Vivian and Carmen :: sleep The Big Sleep - Characterization of Vivian and Carmen in the Movie and the Book The characterization of Vivian and Carmen changes drastically depending on whether you are reading the book or watching the movie. The production code forces the women in the movie to become more socially acceptable-Carmen was not crazy and Vivian was not blatantly seductive. Changes that the production code forces on the characterization of the women causes the movie to be somewhat lack luster. The book was full of painstaking description of the women that the movie completely left out. The production code of the day did not allow the characters do be described as crazy or sexual. The production code expressly forbade it. Even scripts had to be read before the movie could be filmed. Once the movie was done, censors viewed it before they allowed it to be released for the general public. Furthermore, you can forget about seeing anything close to a naked woman or a sexual scene on the screen. The strength of the book is the exact way that Chandler sets up each of scenes. In the book, one of the scenes had Carmen lying naked on Marlowe's bed when he came home. Marlowe had to threaten to throw Carmen out-naked- before she agreed to leave. It really reinforced the characterization that Chandler had used for Carmen. Carmen is very crazy and very sexual. The same scene, in the movie, is shot with Carmen waiting in Marlowe's house fully clothed. He does not have to force her to leave and she does not act nearly as crazy. The production code causes the movie to lack punch because it takes away the precise characterization that Chandler used to describe the women and the situations. The scene is so watered down that it loses the impact that it needs to make the proper impression on those who are watching it. If you only watched the movie, Carmen's visual representation would not be bothersome. After reading the book, however, the visual representation is one more thing that causes the movie to lose its impact. In the book, she is described as "baby-like" and as a spoiled brat. In the movie, she is atleast dressed up as a beautiful woman who may be a little spoiled but who is able to, for the most part, take care of herself.

Female Gable Figure :: Essays Papers

Female Gable Figure Female Gable Figure (Dilukai), 19th- early 20th century; Belauan Wood, paint, Kaolin (Chinese Clay) The piece of work I selected caught my attention as soon as I set eyes on it. It is â€Å"Female Gable Figure (Dilukai)† a 25 2/3-inch high wooden figure of a nude woman with her legs straddled. The piece seemed to be very crudely done. It appeared to be chiseled, very abstracted and very unrealistic. Her hair appears to be in a bun, her face has no expression. The arms that lead down to her knees and upper torso look detachable. The breasts are triangular and the left breast is lopsided. There is also an additional piece of wood around the lower part of the left arm. The legs are apart and the under half of the leg in a darker color. The woman’s exposed genitals are represented by a large dark colored triangle. The artist carved the woman’s vagina in vivid detail leading me to believe this sculpture was used for some sexual purpose. The figure appears on a wall in the museum however, due to the name of the piece I imagine this piece would have been mount ed over the door of a building. I had two reactions to this piece. When I first saw this piece, it got me upset. Upset in that I did not believe someone would actually look at a woman and think that a sculpture like this one would be a good idea. I immediately thought this artist has no respect for women or a woman’s body. Then I found it somewhat funny and ironic that although I found this piece upsetting it was one of the few pieces that caught my attention. I found myself wanting to know more about this piece and the reason behind its existence. Thus making it the piece, I would write this paper on. My response to this piece came from my thinking that whoever did this sculpture must not have thought very highly of the woman this piece is representing.

Dttls Unit Cppd

More in-depth analysis of the definitions and the meanings attached by others are developed throughout the assignment. Reflective Practice- â€Å"a set Of abilities and skills, to indicate the taking Of a critical stance, an orientation to problem solving or state of mind. † (Moon 1999 cited on www. Ukulele. AC. UK 2012) Continual Personal and Professional Development â€Å"maintaining improving and broadening relevant knowledge and skills in your subject specialist and your teaching and training, so that it has a positive impact on practice and the learner development. † (www. Fill. AC. K 201 2) Whilst preparing this assignment my Primary research was collated by using both personal observation and informal discussions with fellow peer group members, I conducted my Secondary research by colleting existing data gathered from both my Primary research as well as using the internet in order to access reviews, government statements and information as well as theories and pr inciples used and developed by educational experts, I have also used the local library to access reference material in the form of books and the e-library and as an additional reference method.Once evaluating the elected data I then developed an Action Plan in order to achieve my desired goals. The Common Sense Theory philosopher and educationalist John Dewey pioneered the concept of reflective practice in 1 933 as the literal notion of â€Å"thinking about thinking' (owe. Educe. Tats. Org 201 2) He was primarily interested in problem solving. When a bad incident occurs you feel upset or disconcerted and set out to identify and rectify the issue. This basic approach to reflective practice was further developed as the â€Å"common sense view' by Moon (1999). She took the stance â€Å"reflection is akin to thinking but with more added to this. Roofer-Parents and Maltose 2009, pa) This is reflection in its purest form. After a lesson that that went badly it is natural that you will think about what went wrong and why. The sheer basic nature Of the theory leads to problems of lack of organization and documentation. The solitary nature of simply thinking cause limitations when there is no one to provide feedback. There is more consideration given to the past than the future and provides limited outlets for developing practice. Donald Chon (1983) developed two concepts in relation to reflective practice: Reflection in action – A person reflects on behavior as it occurs.For example if you are using a classroom activity With learners that is clearly not working you would quickly reflect on this can find a suitable alternative immediately rather than waiting for the next session. Reflection on action this type of reflection occurs after the event allowing time for scrutiny and analysis of the situation and time to plan further development. Kola (1984) created his four stage model of leaning. This encompasses the continued cycle of learning. It outlines the ba sic concept of doing something. Reflecting on it. Researching ways of improving upon it and planning how to implement this.This brings you right back to the doing stage and so the cycle continues. This can be joined at any stage but needs to be followed in sequence to be effective. Graham Gibbs further developed this cycle in 1988. Like Kola, his cycle of self reflection is simple to use and follows a continuous cycle. Gibbs Model for Reflection (www. Sum. AC. UK 201 2) Stephen Brookfield (1995) believes critically reflective teaching happens when we identify and scrutinize assumptions that under grid how we work. For this the occur we must see our teaching from the view of the â€Å"four critical Roofer-Parents and Maltose 2009,pop ).The four lenses being: 1. The teacher 2. The learners 3. Our Colleagues 4. The view of literature and theories. Although time consuming this theory provides a thorough reflection on our practice through feedback and research rather than just our own t houghts. This theory combines the personal achievements generated via reflective practice with the benefits of CAP where teachers improve skills and knowledge enhances their professional performance. Autumns (2007, pop) describes this as ‘A constant critical appraisal of teaching and learning, and of the work of the tutor generally. Ideals from Chon, Kola, Gibbs and other heritors can be encompassed in professional reflective practice this ideal would include seminars, workshops, conferences, meetings, training days, 1. 1 reviews, observations and general conversations. Having identified what you could do to benefit your practice you would create an action plan clearly defining SMART targets. Have in the past relied too heavily on Moon's ‘common sense' theory. Thinking is a natural process we have little or no control over. Have often delivered a session with my head buzzing with thoughts and ideas; these would take on the form of what went well?What didn't go so well? W hy? What can I do instead? This thought process of ideas has its benefits. Was analyzing my teaching practice rather than simply carrying on with no consideration to its merits. The main problems being that I rarely wrote my reflections down. There was no organization or structure to the reflective practice. This form of reflection is too insular and self reliant. When I first started teaching think I probably lacked the confidence to actively seek the views of others and accept constructive criticism.Since undertaking the DOLLS course have as a prerequisite of learning kept a reflective journal. This method Of reflection links in with Scion's ‘Reflection on Action. ‘ Actually taking time to stop and write down reflection has been very beneficial This allows time for greater and more structured evaluation identifying what went well and want didn't go so well. From here am able to plan what I need to improve upon. Chon (1983) also outlines â€Å"action in practice. † I found this concept of â€Å"thinking on your feet† a necessity of teaching. A session plan may sometimes no longer be valid. Eave in the past had to a change activities that require certain numbers due to poor attendance. Similarly if unexpectedly have a small group may not use planned resources such as flowchart which seem impersonal for only four learners. As my teaching experience has developed so has my capacity for reflection. Drawing on Brookfield critical lenses. I am now more confident and aware of the benefit of feedback to seek the views of learners, peers, mentors etc. This creates a greater spectrum of reflection rather than simply my own to learn from.Gibbs reflective cycle (1988) has become a natural part of my teaching and reflective practice. This is especially beneficial with 8 week rouses I teach again and again. In this situation it is easy to become complacent and lazy and stick with same session plan. Actively reflecting with feedback from others ena bles me find methods of improving the session. Then can try out the new plan. Once tried then reflect on the new plan and so the cycle continues. Of course I wouldn't make change for change sake. The out come of the reflection could be that it all went well in that session.As a teacher when considering CAP have to consider what The FILL defines as the â€Å"Model Of Dual Professionalism† (www. Elf. Co. UK) Your subject specialist. Your teaching. In both instances I need to undertake an analysis to identify training and development needs. I am still a teacher in training so my professionalism is continually developing through my college studies which includes lots of research. In my work place I have attended training days on relevant teaching areas such as coaching your team and Giving and Receiving Feedback and conferences such as E-Leaning.Once my training is complete I will need to actively seek development opportunities in this area. I could do this through the IL F, Coll ege network, educational websites, publications and productions. The opportunities for personal and professional development in the Hairdressing and Beauty area are considerable. Keeping up to date with relevant legislation is paramount. For instance I recently went on a training day on delivering e-learning. However as an educationalist it is vital don't just assume there are no changes if no one has informed me other wise.The VT website is the best reference point on legislation. Specific area of my role such as manual handling, Fire Safety and First aid require me to update my trainer's skills with a refresher course every two or three years. As I teach n a company that specializes in Hairdressing and Beauty it is vital I actively seek new knowledge in this area. All development do for my work has an effect on my personal development. The increase in skills and knowledge gives me more confidence and expands my creativity. In my free time enjoy reading and creative writing and hav e taken relevant courses for pleasure.I have in the past been too work obsessed and taking on to many courses at once. This resulted stress and affected all areas of my life. Now can priorities my CAP to allow me time to relax and spend time on other things that are important. Can link my reflective practice to most of the theorists. The common sense view' of quite literally thinking is something do constantly but have learnt the benefits of taking a more structured and creative approach to reflection. Working through a cycle of doing, reflecting, researching, planning and doing means my teaching practice can only improve.This has given me more confidence and benefits the learners. Linking in reflective practice with CAP ensures my development as a teacher and a subject specialist. Through my work place I am able to identify training and development needs with my anger. As an autonomous learner is vital I constantly seek new avenues to ensure my Hair and Beauty knowledge is up-to-da te and relevant. Part 3 To carry out this assignment I have used my personal reflective journal. Have also drawn on past assignments, observations, peer group discussions. Researched books, journals and the internet to gain a wider perspective.Analyzing my own role as Lecturer/Assessor and comparing it with others such trainer's and tutors highlights the similarities as well as exploring the unique aspects that define each role. As an individual and a teacher it is official to recognize and at times accept that your personal beliefs, assumptions and behaviors may impinge on learners. In this assignment I recognize my ‘teaching schemata' and explore both positive and negative effects this may have on learners and others. This links in with the analysis I have made on how my personal, professional and interpersonal skills will have an impact on learners and others.Your roles and responsibilities as a teacher, there are many roles of a teacher including, designer, planner, facili tator, tutor, assessor, marker, evaluator, coach, mentor, communicator, curriculum developer, subject leader, information and advice giver, evaluator and many more. Your role as a teacher changes to your students needs. There are many responsibilities that come with being a teacher some of these are, continuously assess and reassess your students, create a safe learning environment physically and emotionally, establish open and trustworthy relationships and most Of all be professional.Teaching students is not the only role you will up hold whist being a teacher. Creating a good first impression as within the first few minuets of meeting someone we make a decision about them, by being on time, smiling, being repaper, being confident and maybe starting off with an icebreaker so the new learners get to know you and each other you would be able to set a good example. Knowing the boundaries of your role as a teacher is a necessity to have adequate learning environment. Being open to chan ge and incorporating others input. When boundaries are lost, boundaries need to be reinstalled.Some assumptions are made by students that a teachers role extends even further then already stated above, so it is a good idea to know all the relevant people/organization's to refer students to. Through discussions on the DOLLS course I have identified two major preferences between my role as Lecturer and my peers as Trainer's. The first being that of context . Their teaching is carried out in individual's own workplace. Learning is delivered In a training room and in the care environment. I deliver learning in a Academy in a classroom setting.The two do at times overlap, workplace learners may work towards vocational qualifications through localities. In this case I may arrange for learners to undertake this learning and support them through their work. The other main variation is in purpose. Facilitate learners with skills and knowledge to enable them to function in the workplace. Lear ners gain VT NV however they are not working for one or two years towards an educational or vocational qualification as they would in a college. Gary Police, Professor of Practice Worcester University noted this main difference. In his article Teaching Versus Training (2003).He stated training â€Å"focuses on skill† whereas teaching â€Å"implies deeper knowledge and a longer time frame. † I feel I install bath of these methods in my teaching practice. As a Lecturer/Assessor in Hairdressing it is my responsibilities to ensure my knowledge is kept up-to-date and in line with current legislation, polices, reoccurred and changing views and ideas within the hairdressing sector. Not doing so would have a detrimental effect on learning and the working practice of learners. I am constantly aware that my CAP will have a direct impact on the quality of teaching I provide.I liaise with senior staff to discuss any new developments within Hairdressing and the impact they will hav e on learning and working practice. I often attend the same training, seminars and conferences as senior staff. This ensures we all have the same knowledge and skills. Transference of skills has a major influence on how I and others measure the laity of the teaching I provide. As an individual it is difficult to recognize our own ingrained beliefs, assumptions let alone comprehend the impact these may have an others. As a teacher the impact can be magnified as others look to us to learn.In an article Focus on Teacher thinking it was stated â€Å"Everything a teacher says and does springs from the teachers inner reality – the worldview, beliefs, values and other thinking processes that are so familiar they become invisible† (www. Discriminated. Com 2012) When I enter a classroom/training room I like to think I put my professional at on and leave my personal influences behind. Williams and Burden ((1997, pop) however would disagree â€Å"Teachers beliefs about learning will affect everything they do in the classroom. † To identify my own personal influences I have examined some elements of my unique â€Å"Teaching Schemata† (www. Ordain. Org 2006). This is the amalgam of beliefs, knowledge and assumptions held by the individual teacher. Elements of my personal ‘Teaching Schemata' I believe it is important to have basic CIT, Literacy and innumeracy skills, reading is fun, learning enriches your life and CIT is an inevitable part of day to day life. I think everyone would want to reach their full potential and adults should naturally adhere to a certain code of conduct in a learning environment. Most adults want to learn and music has positive benefits on your mental well. If it makes you happy then do it!I'm very easy going and rarely loose my temper. People should always see the best in others and try to understand why they behave the way they do. The list above is by no means exhaustive but includes what consider to be my main belief system. I would generally consider my positive and friendly personality to have a constructive benefit on learners. I'm proud of the fact hat learners enjoy their learning. The concept of achieving an equal balance between my natural friendly personality and adopting a more professional persona when necessary is an area I have developed but need to continue to do so.I have attended courses in assertiveness and influencing and negotiating to aid my development in this area. Discussing ideas with other teachers has helped significantly. In my very initial stages of teaching I made a basic mistake due to my somewhat supercilious assumptions. When setting up a learner, a lady of around rays, on E-Learning I simply gave her the laptop, password and surname and told her to log on to the WAC site. I went off to sort out some paperwork while she did this. When I returned I found an embarrassed learner who hadn't even switched the laptop on.She sheepishly told me shed never used a com puter before. The impact for the learner was that of humiliation and a failure to learn. For myself it was an early learning curve in never making assumptions about learners existing abilities. Although I'm still surprised how many people don't have their own computer and have little or no CIT skills I have learnt to adjust my perception and address the situation in manner that does not embarrass or humiliate the learner. Gaining an awareness of the extent to which adult learners may lack basic skills has had an effect on my professional development.I have actively sought ways to integrate key skills into learning. WAC provide extensive resources and information on enabling teachers to embed key skills into the Hairdressing NV program. The impact on learners is that l, as a teacher am more in tune to learning needs and an increased opportunity to improve their key skills. My teaching qualifications POTTS and nearing the end of my DOLLS have given e significant skills and knowledge i n this area. This impacts on what I am able to offer my place of work and learners. This includes planning, delivering and evaluating individual sessions and schemes fork.Also carrying out diagnostic assessments, assessing learning, being aware learning styles and learning theories, designing and using resources. The more skills I have as a teaching professional the greater opportunity will have to maximize the learning potential of the workplace learner at Soprano's. Management will have greater confidence in giving me greater responsibilities such as designing courses. Eave also joined the Institute For Learning (FILL) as an affiliate member whilst working towards qualified teacher status.The IF_ gives members support in continuing professional development. The FILL state: CAP gives the public, learners, the teaching community and the sector confidence that teachers, trainers, tutors and assessors are continuously improving skills and knowledge and expertise (www. Elf. AC. UK, 201 3) As I have a dual profession there is little point in me solely focusing on my teaching skills. It IS equally as important that I monitor my knowledge of my subject specialist. My learners need to have confidence that I have a higher level of knowledge Of the subject than they do.The Academy I work for need to know that I am facilitating training that is current and relevant. Having years of hands on experience in the Hairdressing sector not only equips me we a high level of skills and knowledge but also gives learners confidence that I know what they experience in the workplace. To keep my hairdressing skills current and relevant I attend the same training, conferences and seminars I would as if still worked in the field. My personal development can also have an affect on learners. Having a good bevel of work and life balance make me a calmer and more rounded person.Much of my personal development such as creative writing and various courses in the hair and beauty sector some of these courses required me to post my work on an online tutorial for others to give feedback on. Similarly I was required to give feedback on the work of others. This enhanced my ability to accept feedback from managers, teachers, college peers and learners. This in turn assisted me to provide constructive feedback to my peers and learners, which is something have difficulty with. My interpersonal skills have developed as my confidence has grown.Looking back on my reflective journal from the beginning of the course I can see there were times when I lost deportment in sessions when learners asked questions I was unsure of, didn't participate in sessions or were deliberately awkward as they didn't want to be in the session. This had a detrimental effect on learners and myself as I felt they would loose confidence in my ability to teach them. I over come this through feedback, talking to other teachers and simply by gaining experience. My most recent observation demonstrated how much my confidence has improved.This reflects on the laity of learning learners receive. On a general level I feel I have good interpersonal skills. Working in the Hairdressing sector for years has given me strong emotional intelligence. Am easily able to empathic with other's. I am able to actively listen, thus making me an effective communicator. Have been able to develop appropriate communication skills. Initially was too much of a friend to learners and didn't want to offend anyone. I found sugar coating feedback was non productive. Have managed to improve my balance my as a teacher, giving constructive feedback and delivering enjoyable sessions.To movie my knowledge of innumeracy I went on the Move On website to test and improve my abilities. When started the POTTS course I was required to take an assessment. Thankfully had a clear level 2 pass. Innumeracy is a strong element in Hairdressing it is important to maintain my skills in this area. I embed innumeracy in areas where learners will uses it in their workplace such as cutting coloring and mixing colossus. This will impact on their ability to perform everyday tasks at work. Have fairly good CIT skills. This has enabled me to facilitate e-learning confidently.This has helped learners to access and undertake courses they ay not have had access to otherwise. E-learning enhances learners own CIT skills which will benefit them in the workplace and wider society. One area had to develop was using CIT in presentations. My workplace did not have facilities for this so I had little opportunity to practice. I felt this limited my resources and didn't account for inclusively with regards to learning styles. My first attempt at Powering presentation was for my presentation was to my peers at college. I was pleased to have produced and presented a presentation even Fill did forget to put it on slide show!Feedback room my peers and my own reflection identified this as an area of weakness. I have since convinced my workpl ace to buy more equipment. I am now confident in using the projector for presentations. This enhances learners experience including participating in e learning in groups. Literacy is an area am quite proficient in and had passed university modules in with good grades. I enjoy reading and creative writing in my free time. I do however have to be aware of the language I use and the levels expect of others. Many of my learners will be at entry level 3 or lower so need to keep language in resources simple.Through initial assessments I can identify what level learners are at. I embed literacy into learning. VT have excellent resources I have used to enable learners with literacy. The fact that enjoy reading means I am always keen to research my subject this will enrich the knowledge can impart on learners. My dual role as a teacher and a Hairdressing Professional effectively means have two areas where need to actively monitor, evaluate and accomplish continuing personal and professional development. Clearly identifying my role and responsibilities can enable me to pursue relevant avenues.